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The Talk.Origins Archive: Exploring the Creation/Evolution Controversy

Feedback for September 2004

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Response: The bee sting is a modified ovipositor (egg-laying tube), and those bees that have it are not the ones that breed in eusocial bees (queen-based hives). It makes perfect sense evolutionarily to take an existing structure, and modify it for the defence of the reproducing individual, even if it means the death of the individual drone bee.
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Response: This is called "kin selection," by the way; preserving your genome by assisting in the survival and reproduction of other individuals that share at least part of your genome.
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Response: It would help if you provided a link to the exact section to which you are referring. In general, however, I would respond that the author is correct. The statement is not one of bias; it is an accurate assessment of the knowledge level of most creationists. If you have indeed learned some science from this site, that is great- that's why it is here. You should take a few moments to page back through the feedback we receive and judge for yourself the scientific competence of the creationist readers. Although there are exceptions, it tends to be abysmal. Here is a fine example: The simple statement "There are no transitional fossils", which we see over and over and over, reflects a profound ignorance and misunderstanding not only of the fossil record, but also the nature of evolution and what a fossil represents. For one thing, there are "transistional fossils": the feathered dinosaurs of China and the reptile to mammal series are particularly fine examples. In another sense, though, all fossils are from transitional species, except those at a dead end in their lineage.

I would also add that it really isn't rude. It might be a little shocking to be called ignorant, but it pales besides the threats of hell and damnation we receive here on a regular basis- not to mention the exceedingly vulgar suggestions we also get, presumably from people who are trying to save our souls.

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Response: I would say that no scientist in his or her right mind believes that particles all of a sudden "poofed" into people. The "poof" phenomenon is one believed by creationists, not scientists.
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Response: How do you reckon that creation is the truth? If there was any evidence for special creation, it certainly has not been published. Note that holy books of any sort don't constitute evidence- which does not detract from their worth, mind you. But looking for science in scripture is like looking for a cookie recipe in an art history book- you're in the wrong place. On the other hand, there is a lot more evidence supporting evolution than you seem to be aware of. Have you visited a natural history museum recently? I would not call a theory supported by thousands and thousands of fossils "fragile". Finally, you are lumping together the fact of evolution with the theory of evolution- a very common mistake. The fact of evolution is that species change. They do, you know, and the changes have been measured in field experiments and laboratory experiments. The theory of evolution- the part you don't like, I suspect- explains those changes and looks at the results of those changes, resulting primarily in the idea of common descent. No other theory of the origin of biodiversity has worked so well. I am not quite sure where "ego" plays a role in all this.
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Response: I must admit, I've never understood why some creationists claim that the KJV, and only the KJV, is the inerrant word of God. (Some don't, mind you.) While I would agree that the KJV has a richer, more poetic tone than other versions, I personally don't see where the argument for its inerrancy derives. (Do people think Jesus spoke in English?)
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Author of: Dino Blood and the Young Earth
Response: See, random errors can be productive!

Glad you liked the site, it is the effort of many volunteers.

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Response: We are all serene and gentle people, armed only with wit and evidence. Physical violence is unnecessary unless they wake us up early on a Sunday morning by knocking on the front door, in which case they deserve what they get.

A donation pathway will be set up in due course, only to cover costs of the running and rental for this site. A Foundation has been established (in Texas) as a not-for-profit organisation, and you can read the details here.

We volunteers will continue to get nothing for our labors, not even beer... *sob*

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Response: Yes, someone actually reads them all.
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Author of: Dino Blood and the Young Earth
Response: William Dembski repeatedly makes the assertion that his "Explanatory Filter" is comparable to how archaeologists determine if an object is designed. He has even moved beyond this to a position that his "theory" subsumed archaeology and the other historical sciences (he calles them the "special" sciences). Consider this quote from William Dembski. 2001 "IS INTELLIGENT DESIGN A FORM OF NATURAL THEOLOGY?"

"The fundamental idea that animates intelligent design is that events, objects, and structures in the world can exhibit features that reliably signal the effects of intelligence. Disciplines as diverse as animal learning and behavior, forensics, archeology, cryptography, and the search for extraterrestrial intelligence thus all fall within intelligent design. Intelligent design becomes controversial when methods developed in special sciences (like forensics and archeology) for sifting the effects of intelligence from natural causes get applied to natural systems where no reified, evolved, or embodied intelligence is likely to have been involved. (Dembski 2001)"

The only problem is that there is no basis in fact for Dembski's claim, as I have shown in a chapter for "Why Intelligent Design Fails: A Scientific Critique of the New Creationism.

Dembski also claims it is not necessary to have knowledge about a designer's nature or about the means that a designer used to impose their will on the material universe. Supporting this assertion is his frequent statement, "There is a room at the Smithsonian filled with objects that are obviously designed but whose specific purpose anthropologists do not understand," or slight variations. Again the problem for Dembski is that this is also untrue (see Jeffery Shallit 2002 "Anatomy of a Creationist Tall Tale" University of Waterloo). Archaeologists never-the-less routinely recognize as artifacts objects that have no known purpose and whose functions we are unlikely ever to know. But in every instance we recognize them by the simple observation of marks: the pits, scratches, polish, grinding, burning, fracture, and so on that are the unambiguous indication of manufacturing. Dembski followers might try to make the argument that these material modifications are then the criteria used by the EF to detect design, but they neither necessarily complex nor specified.

I personally suspect that we will miss all potential extra-terrestrial artifacts unless they are extremely close to those built objects we're directly familiar with already. Dembski's "method" is absolutely no help.

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Author of: Evolution and Philosophy
Response: We are people. We care about other people, those whom we have known and loved, and like all people, whether religious or not, we remember those we cared about. Frankly, this is one of the most objectionable comments I have read in this feedback forum, and we get all kinds.

Simply because we accept that evolution has occurred does not force us to think we are just collections of chemicals. We are certainly that, but we are so much more. I once heard someone say that we are about $5 worth of chemicals. It was pointed out that if we synthesised the complex chemicals that $5 worth goes to make in a body, we'd all be worth around $5 million. Saying that something is chemical is not to settle its worth, economically or otherwise.

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Response: I have to agree with John about the value of this piece of feedback. What a terrifying lack of empathy is packaged into such a short message. This is exactly the sort of outlook that results in things like "They don't value life like we do", or "They don't feel pain the way we do". Or, in the most extreme case, "Nits make lice". This is not only profoundly insulting, it shows a willingness to divide humanity into "us" and "them", with "them" being anyone who does not follow the writer's particular philosophy of hate.
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From: Chris Stassen
Author of: Isochron Dating
Response: The archive doesn't have a single list of all FAQs, probably because it would be too long to wade through easily. Instead, the FAQs are grouped by category into several lists. The "Browse" link in the archive's logo image appears on every page in the site, and takes you to the category list. Clicking on any category (left-hand column on that page) yields a list of FAQs in that category.

The Plagiarized Errors and Molecular Genetics FAQ is listed in the Creationism category, and also in the Must-Read Files category.

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Response: I'll also point out that we do have an alphabetical index to our articles, as well as an outline by subject matter. Those might help you see the full range of material on the site.

And don't forget the Archive's search capability!

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Response: Not at all. DNA is a molecule, subject to the rules of chemistry. It is made of simpler substructures that occur naturally. Many people today are in fact studying how DNA evolved. Although we do not yet know the exact path by which it evolved, we have a general idea about the process and specific research programs to work out the details. In fact, the 1989 winners of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry received the award for their work showing that RNA molecules - similar to DNA molecules - can help make copies of themselves.

You also assert that "If one small piece is missing it will no longer function," as if this meant that something could not evolve. This is not true; so-called "irreduceably complex" systems can evolve. One way they can is as follows:

  1. A population of organisms has some system (an organ, a biochemical pathway, etc.) that we'll call System A. The population also has a different, unrelated system that we'll call System B. Neither System A nor System B depend on the other in any way.
  2. By chance, a member of the population has a mutation that allows System B to help out the functioning of System A. We'll call this System B'. This mutation is advantageous to the organism's reproductive success, and over time it spreads through the population and displaces System B. Now the entire population has System A and System B'.
  3. Later, a second, unrelated mutation in a different organism affects System A. It makes System A work better, but now System A depends upon the influence of System B'. This new System A - call it System A' - spreads throughout the population.
  4. Finally, a third mutation in System B' makes it more effective, but also makes it dependent on System A'. The new System B" spreads throughout the population.

At the end of the process, what started as two independent systems are now interdependent - one cannot act without the other. Yet they evolved, with no impossible "leaps" along the way.

For more on the fallacies of irreducable complexity, see our articles on the work of Michael Behe.

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Author of: Evolution and Philosophy
Response: I am neither a theist nor a deist. Nor, for that matter am I an atheist. I am an agnostic. I do think that those who have strong beliefs on this topic can hold them consistently with good science, but I do not think that one has to be any particular type of believer (or infidel) to accept science. Many people who are smarter and better educated than I plump for theism or atheism. I cannnot presume they are fools.

The fallacy known as "ad hominem" was originally just a misapplication of a general and valid form of argument - we might think of it as a "by your lights" argument, where one grants the premises of the opponent in order to show that a conclusion follows that either undercuts their case or supports your own. [The fallacy was thinking that because you had shown they must accept X based on their own premises, that therefore X was true.]

Most of what you are responding to in the FAQs with your questions are, in fact, ad hominem arguments of the valid kind - we grant that the Bible might be true, or that God exists, in order to argue that this does not condemn evolution. Of course, some interpretations of these beliefs do prohibit evolution, but it needs to be put vividly and clearly that one need not object to it.

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Response: There's no rule against it as far as I know, but it's pretty self-contradictory.
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Response: Yours is an odd theology, but thanks.
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Response: You are absolutely correct in every particular with regards to the story of a Noachian Deluge. However, it is not scientists that insist on a scientific validation of the Ark. Scientists just refute. Young Earth Creationists like Henry Morris, Duane Gish, and Kent Hovind maintain that the Ark was scientifically feasible, that all fossils are arranged just so via "hydrodynamic sorting", that the Grand Canyon was carved by flood waters in the last 6,000 years, and other such rubbish. As soon as you say "miracle", however, the argument is over. Nothing trumps God. But once you do that, you have to take the story out of science classrooms- where it never belonged in the first place- and more than anything else, people like Morris and Gish and Hovind want, for some reason, to have their religion in everyone's science class. In a nutshell, that's what scientists object to.
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Response: I am afraid you are not on target. There is no evidence for a global flood in the sense of Genesis 1. The continental landmasses were connected as Pangaea over 300 million years ago, long before humans were on the scene.

When you study geology, you have to seriously alter the way you think about time. You can no longer think of the 1995 as "a long time ago". You have to get your mind around a concept called "deep time". Having said that, I will concede that it's darn near impossible to grasp the concept of 10 million years, let alone 300 million. Most of us just boggle at the notion. Professional paleontologists and geologists (and others like cosmologists) are better at this, but you have to give it a shot.

If you want to read up on the evolution of human languages, and some other fascinating stuff, try Jared Diamond's Guns, Germs, and Steel. You won't regret it.

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Author of: Five Major Misconceptions about Evolution
Response: Such a list would be so long that it would be difficult to assemble and maintain. However, the National Center for Science Education has put together a similar list, narrowing the scope to only those scientists named "Steve". (See also here and/or here.)

I suspect most people have no idea how much research there is behind evolution. Searching for "evolution" in PubMed turns up more than 20,000 papers just in the last two years. Granted, not all of those are about the theory of evolution, but then again, there are plenty of other papers relevant to aspects of evolution which that search would not find.

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Response: OK, I got a chuckle out of that. Anybody want to take credit for it?
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Author of: Darwin's precursors and influences
Response: Actually, this mistranslation of "besoin", due to Charles Lyell in his 1832 second volume of The Principles of Geology, has been known for over a century. It was first brought to English-speaking attention by Vance Packard, a noted neo-Lamarckian. You will find a broader discussion of precursoritis with regards to Lamarck in Barthélemy-Madaule.

Lamarck is a much-abused figure, it is true, but the fact remains that the idea that things evolve to meet a "need" or "want" (as "besoin" is translated by Packard - "want" means "something that is wanting" in the older English that Packard is using) is just wrong. It is "finalistic" thinking, or as we know it, teleological thinking. Nothing evolves to meet a future need, and it is here that Lamarck fell down. You are going to have a very hard task to convince scientists that he was right in this regard.

[Lamarck is credited with several ideas, including the inheritance of acquired characters - this is false; it was widely held (including by Darwin) and was not original to Lamarck. He was, however, the author of this idea, and also of the view that evolution is necessarily progressive and occurs independently of other lineages from spontaneous generation through to the "human grade". Neither of these are correct, either.]

Part One of Lamarck's book is on the web in English.

Barthélemy-Madaule, Madeleine. 1982. Lamarck, the mythical precursor: a study of the relations between science and ideology. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.

Packard, Alpheus. 1901. Lamarck, the founder of evolution: His life and work. New York: Longmans, Green and Co.

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Response: You are welcome to come back at any time. Where did humans come from? Africa, originally, and don't let anyone tell you differently. We evolved just a few million years ago, probably from a species of Australopithecus. Why do I say that? Because there's a chain of fossils leading back to that genus- in other words, evidence, not faith, leads us to that conclusion. There's nothing wrong with faith, but you shouldn't apply it incorrectly. I hope you do come back for more discussion, by the way.
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Response: In fact, Kent Hovind has declined numerous invitations to debates on the Usenet group talk.origins. His debates aren't "rigged" in any sense except he spits out so many lies so rapidly, it's impossible to counter them all in an oral debate. However, he avoids written debates like the plague. As to your other question, you have confused evolutionary biologists with cosmologists. Try www.badastronomy.com for Big Bang questions.
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Response: Yes he did. We have fixed it. Thanks for noticing and letting us know.
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Response: Mr. Borders is referring to an item that he submitted for August feedback that was never selected for publication. Looking at it, I can see why. What little it had to say has been said better by other creationists who have had published feedbacks. Since he seems to want to claim that his feedback was not published due to cowardice, I will reproduce what he wrote in full. On August 22, 2004, Mark S. Borders twice submitted:

I'm glad to see you creationists out there defending our creator/designer. The other sad group of people crack me up trying to explain evolution. Like I asked Bob Patterson on his website, (and he never delivered) show me just two facts that prove evolution to the point where I say -Wow now I believe in evolution, how could I have been so blind. But you can't because you got nothing. When I read the creationists argument against your claims, they're so convincing that a 10 year old would laugh at you. And when I here your explanations to disprove the creationist, I read it and, well, I laugh like the 10 year old would except louder because you're just grasping at fantasy. If there was proof it would be on the news-"well evolution was just proven". But these weak little discoveries make you look ignorant. We would hear people on the street, at work, in CHURCH saying 'did you hear, they proved evolution?'. Something from nothing-what a concept!

Funny how Mr. Borders failed to "SHOW ME SOMETHING THAT MAKES ME SAY WOW, NO[W] I BELIEVE IN" creationism. What is good for the goose is good for the gander! He might try to find a "proof" that not among the hundreds of disproven creationist claims or yet another example of a misquote on evolution used by creationists.

A larger fallacy used by Mr. Borders is the idea of establishing an entire field based on one or two facts. Fields of study are not established in such a manner whether they be evolutionary biology, atomic theory, or anything else. Indeed if evolution depended on only one or two "magic bullets" to "prove" it, that would be grounds for suspecting that serious problems existed with the field. In reality there are many thousands of things which strongly support evolution. Mr. Borders is advised to read this site's article on the evidence for evolution. Its Scientific Proof? section is also useful since it deals with the nature of "proof" in science.

This simple reality is that the mere discovery of evidence for evolution is a "dog bites man" story while the discovery of any evidence against evolution would be a "man bites dog" story that would get a lot of attention. Why would "proof" of what almost every professional in the field of biology has accepted for well over a hundred years make the news? One might as well also ask why "proof" of protons and neutrons has not made the evening news.

Mr. Borders also presented a false dichotomy of either a creator or evolution.

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Response: I think you have over-interpreted me. I was presenting a number of alternative views that Paul Myers regularly has a go at on his personal blog. These include right-wing neo-conservatives (I don't think I have seen him attack conservatives per se, but I might have missed it - being an Australian I don't have the same radar for American internecine disputes the natives living there would), and it also includes fundamentalists (the comma indicates a list). I think I have also seen him attack people who have the wrong taste in music too. It's his blog - he's free to do what he likes.

I do not work in a college - I have worked in non-academic full-time employment for over thirty years (with a year of semi-employment). I have worked in factories, done manual labor (not much, though, I oppose exercise on moral grounds), been a clerk in administration, a printer, a graphic artist and a guillotine operator for paper. I suppose this might not qualify me as working in the real world, but I am not an ivory tower academic (although I dearly want to be one).

I am not a left-wing political believer, either. My politics is middle of the road Millian liberal (the word means something different in non-American English speaking countries). In my own country I am regarded as a mild conservative. In any case, that is my personal choice and has nothing to do with what Paul says or thinks. I recommend you get over yourself. It is indeed unfortunate that you allowed your own knee-jerk reactions to inspire you to make a public statement like this.

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Response: Golly. I substituted a few characters in the expletives so that maybe the library filters won't exclude the TO Archive.

I suggest a quick read of the Bill of Rights, which has some words about "freedom of association" in it. P.Z. Myers was exercizing that right on his blog. John Wilkins merely noted it.

I don't see anything there that remotely implies that "all scientists are lefties", or that only non-neoconservatives can appreciate the evidence of evolutionary biology.

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Response: Rodolfo was, I think, missing a comma and thought I had lumped all conservatives, especially neoconservatives, in with fundamentalists. This is clearly not the case, and I don't think Paul at his blog thinks it is the case.

But it's an interesting reaction nonetheless.

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Response: I think I have never seen a feedback that avoids the usual arguments so completely. A refreshing change, indeed.
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Response: DEAR SIR:

I AM CURRENTLY IN POSSESSION OF 300 NGKB7HS SPARK PLUGS THAT MUST BE MOVED FROM A NUMBERED ACCOUNT IN SWITZERLAND TO AN ACCOUNT IN YOUR COUNTRY. ON RECEIPT OF YOUR BANKING INFORMATION I WILL DEPOSIT 300NGKB7HS SPARK PLUGS IN YOUR ACCOUNT. YOUR SHARE WILL BE 30 SPARK PLUGS. PLEASE BE UTMOST CONFIDENTIAL. THANK YOU.

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Response: Hi Jennifer,

First off, let me advise you not to put your email address out in public for anyone to see.

Second, many, many people find that they can accept both evolution and God. As a matter of fact, there is a whole philosophy called "theistic evolution" that says God guided the whole process. This might have been from the very start, or at crucial points along the way, or even at the very end, by giving humans souls. And while I am glad you are happy, most people do not feel that there is an "either/or" choice to be made here. The great thing about evolution is that it makes sense. I (or anyone here at talk.origins) would be more than happy to spend time explaining just why that's so, if you want to email us. People who accept evolution and God don't have to look at fossils and make up nonsense trying to explain them away. Most people who accept evolution can look at the similarities between species and believe that God did something wondrous by making us all related. In short, there is no conflict between evolution and God, except one that is made up by people who either don't understand what evolution is all about, or who have some other reason for wanting you to not know the truth.

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